# 比特币全节点设置

### 硬件要求

* CPU：多核处理器
* 内存：至少 8GB
* 硬盘：至少 800GB 的SSD硬盘，可容纳完整的比特币区块链。

### Bitcoin Core设置

从[Bitcoin Core官方](https://bitcoincore.org/bin/bitcoin-core-26.0/)选择合适你操作系统的bitcoin-core文件，下载并安装。本文档中的所有程序均与[bitcoin-core-26.0](https://bitcoincore.org/bin/bitcoin-core-26.0/)版本兼容。

### bitcoind配置

bitcoind通过名为`bitcoin.conf`的主配置文件进行配置。

根据操作系统的不同，配置文件应放置在对应的文件路径中：

* MacOS: `/Users/<username>/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin`
* Linux: `/home/<username>/.bitcoin`
* Windows: `C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin`

两台服务器都可以使用以下基本参数框架 (适用于BTC签名网络)：

```
# Accept command line and JSON-RPC commands
server=1
# Enable transaction indexing
txindex=1
# RPC server settings
rpcuser=<rpc-username>
rpcpassword=<rpc-password>
# Optional: In case of non-mainnet BTC node,
# the following two lines specify the network that your
# node will operate; for this example, utilizing signet
signet=1
[signet]
# Port your bitcoin node will listen for incoming requests;
# below port is the canonical port for signet,
# for mainnet, typically 8332 is used
rpcport=38332
# Address your bitcoin node will listen for incoming requests
rpcbind=0.0.0.0
# Optional: Needed for remote node connectivity
rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
```

**注意事项：**

* 建议不要在配置中硬编码RPC服务器密码 (`rpcpassword`)，而是生成其[加盐哈希](https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1636075) (salted hash) 并使用`rpcauth`字段。要生成加盐哈希，可以参考[此示例](https://jlopp.github.io/bitcoin-core-rpc-auth-generator/)——但是，加盐操作应在本地执行。生成的配置值如下所示：

```
rpcauth=<rpc-password-salted-hash>
```

* 如果你要连接到比特币主网，请确保删除下方配置：

```
signet=1
[signet]
```

### 启动bitcoind

1. **启动比特币守护进程**

```
bitcoind
```

2. **验证bitcoind是否运行**

检查bitcoind运行状态：

```
bitcoin-cli getblockchaininfo
```

如果看到有关区块链的信息，表明`bitcoind`运行正常。

### 为bitcoind创建一个systemd服务 (可选)

1. **创建systemd服务定义**

运行下方命令，将`your_username`替换为你的自定义用户名：

```
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/bitcoind.service
[Unit]
Description=Bitcoin daemon
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/bitcoind -conf=/home/your_username/.bitcoin/bitcoin.conf
ExecStop=/usr/local/bin/bitcoin-cli stop
User=your_username
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```

2. **重新加载systemd管理器配置**

```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
```

3. **启用开机自动启动功能**

```
sudo systemctl enable bitcoind.service
```

4. **启动服务器**

```
sudo systemctl start bitcoind.service
```

### 服务器监控

可通过[Prometheus Blackbox Exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter)轮询bitcoind服务器的可用性。

比特币特定的Prometheus指标可以通过任何开源[Prometheus bitcoind导出器](https://github.com/jvstein/bitcoin-prometheus-exporter?tab=readme-ov-file)来公开。


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